Volume V (2000) - Flora of New Zealand Gramineae
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Poeae

POEAE

Annuals or perennials. Leaf-sheath usually free, sometimes connate. Ligule membranous. Leaf-blade linear, filiform or setaceous, flat, plicate or convolute. Inflorescence a panicle, rarely a spike or raceme; florets all ⚥, or some ⚥ and others Ø, or unisexual in dioecious, gynomonoecious or gynodioecious spp. (Poa). Spikelets (1)-2-many-flowered, laterally compressed or terete; disarticulation above glumes and usually between florets. Glumes < spikelets, usually membranous. Lemma membranous to coriaceous, (3)-5-7-(13)-nerved, awnless or with a terminal awn, usually keeled. Palea 2-keeled. Lodicules 2, lanceolate-acute, entire or lobed. Stamens 3, rarely 2 or 1. Ovary glabrous or sometimes hairy at apex; styles 2. Caryopsis usually ellipsoid; hilum linear or punctiform.

Key

1
⚥ spikelets ± concealed by persistent Ø spikelets
⚥ spikelets not so
2
2
Inflorescence a spike, bearing spikelets edgeways to rachis; lower glume absent, except in terminal spikelet
Inflorescence a dense or open panicle; both glumes present
3
3
Lemma long-awned
4
Lemma awnless, or mucronate to shortly awned
5
4
Glumes very unequal; plants annual
Glumes ± equal; plants perennial
5
Lemma keeled
6
Lemma rounded, rarely keeled above
8
6
Lemma spinulose on keel
Lemma often scabrid on keel but not spinulose
7
7
Rachilla smooth or scabrid
Rachilla hairy
8
Leaf-blade with clasping auricles
Leaf-blade lacking clasping auricles
9
9
Lemma apex firm
10
Lemma apex thinly scarious to hyaline
11
10
Panicle ± lax; spikelets on slender pedicels; plants perennial
Panicle stiff; spikelets on short, stiff pedicels; plants annual
11
Lemma orbicular, cordate at base
Lemma elliptic to ovate, not cordate at base
12
12
Panicle open or racemose; lemma apex ± erose
Panicle capitate; lemma apex 2-5-toothed
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