Flora of New Zealand Series

Thallus warty to globose-blistered or subsquamulose, rarely with an effigurate margin. Photobiont green, Protococcus or Trentepohlia. Lower surface plane, with ± branched rhizines. Apothecia lecideine, black, with a proper margin concolorous with disc. Hypothecium colourless to red-brown. Ascospores 8 per ascus, 1-multi-septate.

Toninia, included in the family Lecideaceae is a cosmopolitan, temperate genus of c. 80 species, which grow most commonly on rock, soil or bryophytes, rarely on bark. Four species are known in New Zealand, but the genus is much in need of collection and study here.