Flora of New Zealand Series

Leaves (in our taxa) with the lobes edentate, or sporadically with a few teeth associated with gemma formation, then teeth irregular and jagged. Stem usually with a weakly to well-defined 1-layered cortex of smaller, thicker-walled cells. Gemmae citron-shaped or ellipsoidal, 2-celled, smooth.

All our species of this subgenus agree in that leaf lobe margins are edentate, unless with prolonged gemmae formation they become irregularly toothed and somewhat ragged.