Arthopyrenia sublitoralis (Leight.) Arnold
Verrucaria sublitoralis Leighton, Lich. Fl. Br.: 435 (1871).
Arthopyrenia balanophila Zahlbr., Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien math.-naturwiss. K1. 104: 253 (1941).
Arthopyrenia balanophila. Lectotype: New Zealand. North Auckland, Anawhata, between tide levels, on ? Mitella sp. H.H. Allan ZA456, CHR 373597!
Thallus green-brown to brown-black, in a thin film, or lacking, sometimes cracked, saxicolous. Photobiont blue-green. Perithecia black, minute 0.15-0.25 mm diam., carbonaceous, scattered or closely together, ± rounded to irregular, flat or subconvex, ± immersed on calcareous substrates, more prominent on acidic substrates. Ascospores biseriate, 1-septate, oval-ellipsoid one cell larger, 12-25 × 5-9 µm.
N: North Auckland (Russell, Anawhata), Wellington (Wellington Harbour). S: Otago (Port Chalmers), Southland (Bluff). A: (Enderby I.). Coastal on rocks and barnacles in intertidal zone and to high water mark with species of Lichina and Verrucaria.
Cosmopolitan
