Flora of New Zealand Series

≡Lecidea erythroxyli Spreng., K. Vet.-Akad, nya Handl. 1: 47 (1820).

=Solorina aurantiaca Hook.f. & Taylor, Lond. J. Bot 3: 635 (1844).

≡Coccocarpia aurantiaca (Hook.f. & Taylor) Mont. & Bosch in F.W. Junghuhn, Pl. Jungh., fasc. IV: 465 (1855).

≡Coccocarpia molybdaea var. aurantiaca (Hook.f. & Taylor) Nyl., Mém. Soc. Imp. Sci. nat. Cherbourg 5: 109 (1858).

≡Pannaria aurantiaca (Hook.f. & Taylor) Schwend. in C. Naegeli, Beitr. wiss. Bot. III : 194 (1863).

≡Coccocarpia cronia var. aurantiaca (Hook.f. & Taylor) Vain., Ann. Acad. Sci. fenn., ser. A, 15 (6): 24 (1921).[For additional synonymy see Arvidsson (1983: 57–58)].

Solorina aurantiaca. Lectotype: New Zealand. Sine loco [probably Bay of Islands], sine collectoribus [probably J.D. Hooker] – BM [fide Arvidsson (1983: 57)]. Isolectotype – FH.

Description : Flora (1985: 127).

N: Northland (Three Kings Is, Radar Bush to Red Mercury I.), Auckland (Rangitoto I., Waitakere Ra.), South Auckland (Mangaotaki Valley, Waimea Stream), Hawke's Bay (Kuripapango), Wellington (Kapiti I., Rimutaka Ra.). S: Nelson (Kaihoka Lakes, Anatoki River, St Arnaud Ra., Cobb Ridge), Westland (Kumara), Canterbury (Hope River, Waihi Gorge), Otago (Silver Stream. Taieri), Southland (Cascade Creek). St: Port Pegasus (Hayward & Lumbsch 1992). An epiphyte of twigs or small branches or bark of trees and shrubs, especially Coprosma, Leptospermum and Metrosideros, and on nikau bark (Rhopalostylis sapida) (rarely on rock) in warm, humid habitats, s.l. to 1000 m. Known also from Portugal, Macaronesia, Morocco, West, East and South Africa, Indian Ocean Is (Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius), India, Asia, Indonesia, Alaska, southern USA, Mexico, Central and South America, Galapagos Is, Hawai'i, Philippines, Tonga, Samoa, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Is, New Hebrides, New Caledonia and Australia – the most widespread species in the genus (Arvidsson 1983: 61, fig. 44; Aptroot 2002e; Arvidsson & Nash 2002: 161; Wolseley et al. 2002; McCarthy 2003c, 2006; Lücking et al. 2003).

Cosmopolitan

Illustrations : Babington (1855: tab. CXXIX D – as Coccocarpia smaragdina Pers.); Arvidsson & Galloway (1979: 241, fig. 1E, F); Arvidsson (1983: 9, fig. 2C; 11, fig. 3C; 14, figs 7A, C, D; 15, fig. 8A; 17, figs 10A, B; 20, fig. 13B, C; 21, fig. 14A–D; 25, figs 19A, B, D; 26, figs 20B, C, D, F; 27, figs 21A–F; 29, figs 23A–C; 59, fig. 42A, B; 60, fig. 43; 1992: 154, fig. 45C); Swinscow & Krog (1988: 63, fig. 24);Grgurinovic (1992; 218, fig. 65); Malcolm & Galloway (1997: 97, 117); Makhija et al. (1999: 50, figs 1, 2); Malcolm & Malcolm (2000: 104); Brodo et al. (2001: 280, pl. 280); Arvidsson & Nash (2002: 160, fig. 45).

Coccocarpia erythroxyli is characterised by: the corticolous habit; the ±wide lobes; a lack of isidia; and the large, irregular, adnate apothecia. In New Zealand populations there is considerable variation in the colour of the apothecial disc and the rhizines, but such variation is of no taxonomic significance. In older thalli small regenerating lobules or phyllidia are commonly seen.