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Lichens A-Pac (2007) - Flora of New Zealand Lichens - Revised Second Edition A-Pac
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Collema F.H.Wigg.

COLLEMA F.H.Wigg., 1780  nom. cons. 

Type : Collema lactuca (Weber) F.H. Wigg. [=Lichen lactuca Weber]

Description : Flora (1985: 132).

Key

1
Corticolous
2
Saxicolous, terricolous or muscicolous
13
2
Thallus isidiate
3
Thallus without isidia
5
3
End lobules large and broad (0.5–3 cm)
4
End lobules smaller (usually max 0.4 cm); isidia marginal and laminal (the latter often in sometimes dark spots), globular to styliform or squamiform, sometimes very small and soredia-like; apothecia not seen in NZ material
kauaiense
4
Isidia rare, ±sparse, marginal or laminal, squamiform; apothecia numerous; ascospores muriform
subconveniens
Isidia consistently present, numerous, laminal, globular to styliform; apothecia not seen in NZ material
subflaccidum
5
End lobules large and broad (0.5–3 cm)
6
End lobules smaller (max. 0.4 cm), or thallus indistinctly lobate
10
6
Thallus ±smooth
7
Thallus strongly pustulate or ridged; apothecia pruinose usually not corticate; ascospores 6–12-celled
glaucophthalmum
7
Ascospores not muriform, generally 5–7-septate
8
Ascospores muriform; apothecia normally not pruinose, usually corticate
subconveniens
8
Apothecia to 1.5 mm diam., or more, corticate
9
Apothecia to 1 mm diam. (usually 0.5–0.7 mm) pruinose or not, normally not corticate
laeve
9
Apothecia strongly pruinose
leucocarpum
Apothecia not pruinose; rare in NZ
japonicum
10
Thallus foliose, distinctly lobate or crustose, smooth or somewhat uneven; ascospores less than 50 μm long
11
Thallus subcrustose, often pulvinate, strongly rugose, indistinctly or irregularly lobate; ascospores very long, ±vermiform, 9–11-septate
fasciculare (3 vars*)
11
Ascospores transversely septate not muriform
12
Ascospores muriform
fragrans var. contiguum
12
Thallus to 1.5 cm diam., foliose; ascospores usually 15–20 × 4.5–6.5 μm, 3-septate
subfragrans
Thallus larger, to 5 cm diam., crustose to subfoliose; ascospores 26–50 × 2–4.5 μm, 3–9-septate
leptaleum
13
Thallus isidiate
14
Thallus without isidia
16
14
Lobes not swollen; isidia ±squamiform; ascospores 3-or-more septate
15
Lobes ±swollen (especially at margins); isidia globular; ascospores 1-septate
coccophorum
15
Ascospores muriform, usually 20–30 × 9–10.5 μm
novozelandicum
Ascospores usually 3-septate, 26–34 × 13–15 μm (very rare in NZ)
crispum
16
Lobes not swollen; ascospores 3–5–7-septate
17
Lobes ±swollen (espedially at margins; ascospores 1-septate
coccophorum
17
Lobes crisped
18
Lobes nor or only slightly crisped; ascospores normally 7-septate, linear-oblong with rounded apices (very rare in NZ)
quadriloculare var. tasmaniae
18
Lobe margins entire; asci 4-spored; ascospores distichous, fusiform, (3–)4(–5)-septate, apices not extended, 26–32 × 4.5–6.5 μm
subundulatum
Lobe apices incised; asci 4–6-spored; ascospores polystichous, 5-septate, apices narrow and extended, 40–60(–70) × (4.5–)6(–6.5) μm
durietzii

*[Collema fasciculare var. fasciculare apothecia 0.8–2 rarely to 6 mm diam.; ascospores 52–95(–106) × 4.5–5(–6.5) μm

Collema fasciculare var. colensoi differs form other varietes in the finely whitish-downy upper surface

Collema fasciculare var. microcarpum apothecia 0.2–0.3 (rarely to 1.5) mm diam.; ascospores 100–170 × 3.5–5 μm]

Collema, included in the family Collemataceae (Eriksson et al. 2004: Pennycook & Galloway 2004), is a widespread, cosmopolitan genus of 82 species (Schultz et al. 2004), monographed over 40 years by Gunnar Degelius (1954, 1956, 1962, 1974, 1979, 1986, 1989, 1994) who also prepared the description, notes and key to the New Zealand species (Galloway 1985a: 132–144). Degelius travelled to New Zealand in 1970 collecting from many sites and habitats from Auckland to Fiordland (Degelius 1974; Arvidsson & Galloway 1999) and from his collections discussed and named 17 species that are noted below. Species of Collema colonise various substrates: bark, soil, rock (both basic and acidic) in ±moist, humid habitats in some degree of shade. The genus is related to Leptogium, but differs in the lack of a true cortex. Species are of a dark olive-green or olive-black colour, and rarely grey-blue as in many species of Leptogium. Australian taxa are discussed by Filson (1992c: 161–173).

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