Cladonia crispata
≡Baeomyces turbinatus [var.] β crispatus Ach., Methodus: 341 (1803).
Description : Flora (1985: 110).
Chemistry : Cortex K−, C−, KC−, Pd−; containing squamatic acid (UV+) and ±barbatic acid.
N: South Auckland (Rotorua, Atiamuri). S: Fiordland and coastal Southland (Seaward Bush, Awarua Bog). On heath soils, rotting logs or in lowland grassland. Known also from Great Britain, Europe, Scandinavia, North, Central and South America, Asia, E Africa, New Guinea and Australia (Purvis et al. 1992, Nimis 1993, Santesson 1993; Esslinger & Egan 1995; Ahti 2000; Coppins 2002b; McCarthy 2003c, 2006; Nimis & Martellos 2003; Santesson et al. 2004).
Cosmopolitan
Illustrations : Galløe (1954: 47, pls 90–95); Jahns (1980: 209, figs 489, 492); Moberg & Holmåsen (1982: 141); Stenroos (1988a: 122, fig. 3A, B); Johnson et al. (1995: 360); Hansen (1995: 28); Ahti (2000: 277, fig. 161); Brodo et al. (2001: 249, pl. 226) ; Dobson (2005: 137).
C. crispata is characterised by: persistent to evanescent basal squamules; podetia brown or olive-brown, 10–110 mm tall, flaring at apices into narrow, funnel-like cups open to the interior; branching in irregular dichotomies from cup margins; surface smooth or areolate, without soredia, ±podetial squamules; apothecia to 1 mm diam., brown or red-brown, on terminal spines, ±corymbose; with squamatic and ±barbatic acids as secondary metabolites.
