Flora of New Zealand Series

Lectotype: New Zealand. Campbell I., 1874, M. Filhol s.n. – H-NYL 39393 [fide Ahti (1993: 98)].

Description : Flora (1985: 107–108 – as C. carassensis). See also Filson & Archer (1986: 230); Stenroos (1993: 336).

Chemistry : Cortex K+ yellow or −, C−, Pd+ or −; containing (1) thamnolic and decarboxythamnolic acids or (2) very rarely barbatic and 4- O- demethylbarbatic acids.

N: Northland (Whangarei), Auckland (Rangitoto I.), South Auckland (Te Aroha), Taranaki (Dawson Falls Mt Taranaki), Wellington (Ruahine Ra., Tiritea Stream, Waiopehu Tararua Ra., Kapiti I., Eastbourne). S: Westland (Moonlight Creek, Anderson's Flat, Ross, Greymouth, Lake Moana, Kaimata, Bealey Ra., Haast), Nelson (Mangarakau, Cobb River, Mt Arthur Tableland, St Arnaud Ra., Mt Peel), Marlborough (Ure River, Black Birch Ra., Wairau River, Mt Tapuae-o-uenuku, Inland Kaikoura Ra.), Canterbury (E of Lewis Pass, Woolshed Hill, Kirkliston Ra.), Otago (Cow Saddle, Olivine River, Park Pass, Key Summit, French Ridge, West Matukituki Valley, Hunter Valley Lake Hawea, Turret Head Mt Earnslaw, Remarkables, Lake Mackay Pisa Ra., Alexandra, Dunstan Mts, Mt Pisgah, Rock & Pillar Ra., Macrae's Flat, Cave Hill, Lamb Hill, Mihiwaka, Swampy Summit, Mt Cargill Dunedin, Mt Charles Otago Peninsula, Maungatua, Akatore, Black Gully Blue Mts), Southland (Cascade Creek, Pukerau, Awarua Bay, Manapouri, Borland Saddle, Elizabeth Burn, Fiordland), St: (Oban, Tin Ra.). Ant: A: (Lookout Point Ranui Cove). C: (Tucker Cove, E of Mowbray Hill). M: In subalpine grassland, herbfield, and in cushion vegetation, in peat bogs and in waste ground at roadsides, s.l. to 1400 m. Also known from southern South America, South Georgia, the Falkland Islands, Tasmania and Macquarie I. (Ahti & Kashiwadani 1984; Filson & Archer 1986; Stenroos 1993; Øvstedal & Lewis Smith 2001; McCarthy 2003c, 2006).

Austral

Illustrations : Ahti & Kashiwadani (1984: pl. 1, fig. 2); Filson & Archer (1986: 231, fig. 12); Stenroos (1993: 332, fig. 12F).

Cladonia subsubulata is characterised by: podetia up to 9(–12) cm tall, 1–1.5 mm diam., brownish white, the lower parts whitish and not becoming blue-black or blackened as in C. auerii; cortex smooth, without squamules; apothecia terminal, brown; and containing thamnolic acid. Formerly referred to as C. carrassensis (Martin 1958: 613; Galloway 1985a: 107–108), but that species is endemic to Brazil (Ahti 2000: 273–274) and has wider podetia with more regular ±symmetrical branching.