Flora of New Zealand Series

Description : Flora (1985: 122–123 – as Cladonia subulata). See also, Ahti & Kashiwadani (1984: 136); Archer (1992b: 120); Stenroos (1993: 327).

Chemistry : Cortex K−, C−, KC−, Pd+ red; containing fumarprotrocetraric acid (major), protrocetraric acid (tr.), ±stictic acid (major), constictic acid (tr.), and norstictic acid (tr.).

N: Northland (Karikari Peninsula, Kawerua, Kaikohe, Anawhata), Auckland (Waitakere Ra.), South Auckland (Hunua Ra., Moehau Coromandel Ra., Te Aroha), Hawke's Bay (Lake Tutira), Wellington (Ohakune, Totara Reserve Pohangina Valley, Pahiatua Track Tararua Ra., Akitio, Wellington). S: Nelson (Kaiteriteri, d'Urville River, Lake Rotoiti), Westland (Greymouth, Fox Glacier, Ross, Haast), Marlborough (Hapuka River, Kaikoura), Canterbury (Arthur's Pass, Ashley Gorge, Black Birch Stream Mt Cook), Otago (Haast Pass, Canyon Creek Ahuriri Valley, Whitbourn Flats, Dart Valley, Paradise, Alexandra, Deep Stream, Horse Ra., Silver Peaks, Mt Cargill, Flagstaff, Saddle Hill, Owaka), Southland (Fortrose, Seaward Bush, Awarua Bay, Sandy Point, Greenhills, Riverton Bush, Waikoau River, Lillburn Valley, Cascade Creek) St: (Mt Anglem, Freshwater River, Fright Cove Port Pegasus). Throughout, common and often abundant on peaty and clay soils, decaying logs in forest or open grassland, and roadside banks, Leptospermum heaths, s.l. to 1000 m, both in shade and in full sun. Also SE Asia, in Australia, Macquarie I., Central and South America (Ahti & Kashiwadani 1984; Filson & Archer 1986; Archer 1992b; Ahti 2000; Ahti et al. 2002; Aptroot 2002e; McCarthy 2003c, 2006), and the Falkland Is (Stenroos & Ahti 1992).

Austral

Illustrations : Martin & Child (1972: 55, pl. 4 – as Cladonia subulata); Ahti & Kashiwadani (1984: 150, pl. I, fig. 3); Filson & Archer (1986: 223, fig. 5); Stenroos (1988a: 139, fig. 7C, D; 1993: 325, fig. 8C); Flora of Australia 54 : 215, fig. 52 (1992); Kantvilas & Jarman (1999: 47).

Cladonia corniculata is distinguished from the morphologically similar C. weymouthii by the ecorticate base of the podetia and the Pd+ red reaction. Sometimes parasitised by Diploschistes muscorum ssp. bartlettii (Archer 1992b: 120). Earlier collections of C. corniculata from New Zealand were labelled as C. subulata and subsequently changed. However, these should be rechecked because both species occur in New Zealand. C. corniculata is distinct from C. subulata by (1) the presence of moderate branching, usually ½ to 2/3 of the way up the length of the podetium; (2) blunt tips; (3) the absence of cups. C. subulata does not branch, and has blunt or acute tips upon proliferations that often (but not always) arise from cup margins.