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Volume I (1961) - Flora of New Zealand Indigenous Tracheophyta - Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledons
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Senecio L.

SENECIO L., 1753

Capitula solitary to paniculate, heterogamous or homogamous; phyll. in 1-2 series with or without minute ones at base; receptacle flat to convex, nude to fimbrillate. Ray-florets ligulate, pistillate or neuter; disk-florets tubular, perfect. Anthers obtuse at base; style-arms of perfect florets recurved, truncate or penicillate at tips; pappus-hairs cop., smooth to barbellate or plumose. Herbs, lianes, shrubs or trees with alt. lvs. A cosmopolitan genus with over 1500 spp. of the N.Z. spp. S. lautus is recorded also from Tasmania, the remainder are endemic.

SYNOPSIS

  • A.
    • Herbs
    • 1.
      • Lvs all radical
      • (a)
        • Lvs slightly hispid to glab. or thinly tomentose below:
        • 1. bellidioides, 2. traversii, 3. southlandicus
      • (b)
        • Lvs densely tomentose below:
        • 4. haastii, 5. lagopus, 6. saxifragoides
    • 2.
      • Lvs all cauline or both cauline and radical
      • (a)
        • Phyll. in 2 series; lvs long, linear-lanceolate, entire:
        • 7. lyallii, 8. scorzoneroides
      • (b)
        • Phyll. in 1 series; lvs us. toothed to lobed or pinnatifid:
        • 9. lautus, 10. radiolatus, 11. antipodus, 12. glaucophyllus, 13. solandri, 14. tuneri, 15. banksii, 16. colensoi
  • B.
    • Lianes:
    • 17. sciadophilus
  • C.
    • Shrubs or trees
    • 1.
      • Capitula radiate
      • (a)
        • Rays white:
        • 18. hectori, 19. kirkii, 20. myrianthos
      • (b)
        • Rays yellow
        • (1)
          • Lvs entire
          • (i)
            • Young lvs viscid
            • α
              • Low shrubs:
              • 21. revolutus, 22. adamsii, 23. spedenii
            • β
              • Tall shrubs:
              • 24. stewartiae, 25. huntii
          • (ii)
            • Young lvs not viscid
            • α
              • Lvs including petiole not > 1 cm. long:
              • 26. cassinioides
            • β
              • Lvs including petiole > 2 cm. long:
              • 27. laxifolius, 28. greyi, 29. matthewsii
        • (2)
          • Lvs crenate
          • (i)
            • Lvs glab.:
            • 30. perdicioides
          • (ii)
            • Lvs tomentose below
            • α
              • Lvs narrow-linear, strongly revolute:
              • 31. bifistulosus
            • β
              • Lvs broad, not or sightly revolute:
              • 32. compactus, 33. monroi, 34. lapidosus
    • 2.
      • Capitula discoid:
      • 35. remotifolius, 36. reinoldii, 37. cockaynei, 38. elaeagnifolius, 39. bennettii, 40. bidwillii

Key

1
Plant a herb
2
Plant a shrub, tree, or soft-wooded liane
22
2
Lvs all radical; infl. Scapose
3
Lvs all cauline or both cauline and radical; infl. not scapose
11
3
Lvs without stiff hispid hairs on upper surface
4
Lvs with stiff hispid hairs on upper surface
7
4
Lvs glab. or with very sparse hairs on both surfaces
5
Lvs, at least when young, with dense tomentum above and/or below
6
5
Lvs appressed to ground, not > 5 cm. long including petiole
1. bellidioides
Lvs spreading, mostly > 8 cm. long including petiole
3. southlandicus
6
Lvs coriac.; scapes and phyll. with ∞ glandular hairs; tomentum of stock brownish, of lvs below white and villous
6. saxifragoides
Lvs submembr.; scapes and phyll. with few or no glandular hairs; tomentum of stock white, of lvs below white and subappressed
4. haastii
7
Lower surface of lvs densely tomentose, at least when young
8
Lower surface of lvs glab. or nearly so
9
8
Upper surface of young lvs with ∞ white slender hairs mingled with the hispid ones; tomentum of lower surface thick and villous; lvs cordate at base
5. lagopus
Upper surface of young lvs without slender white hairs; tomentum of lower surface thin, appressed; lvs not cordate at base
1. bellidioides
9
Upper surface of mature lvs with ∞ hispid hairs
1. bellidioides
Upper surface of mature lvs with few hispid hairs
10
10
Hydathodes of lf-margins prominent, projecting; scapes with us. ∞ glandular hairs and fewer soft hairs
2. traversii
Hydathodes of lf-margins inconspicuous; scapes with us. subapressed soft tomentum and few glandular hairs
3. southlandicus
11
Ligulate ray-florets white
8. scorzoneroides
Ligulate ray-florets yellow or absent
12
12
Stock with long silky hairs; lvs linear, entire, up to c. 25 cm. long; stems simple, corymbosely branched in floral region
7. lyallii
Stock etc. not as above
13
13
Capitula without rays, or rays inconspicuous
14
Capitula with distinct rays
15
14
Stems fistular; tomentum cobwebby
11. antipodus
Stems not fistular; tomentum not cobwebby
9.lautus
15
Lvs glaucous, at least below
16
Lvs not glaucous
17
16
Lvs petioled, not auriculate
12. glaucophyllus
Lvs subsessile, auriculate
15. banksii
17
Lvs white-tomentose or floccose below
16. colensoi
Lvs not white-tomentose below
18
18
Petioles 15-30 cm. long, laminae cordate to orbicular-cordate, margins finely spinulose
14. turneri
Petioles and laminae not as above
19
19
Lower lvs on long winged petioles broadening to auriculate base
20
Lower lvs sessile or if petiolate lacking auriculate base
21
20
Lvs deeply, rather regularly pinnatifid, with light cobwebby hairs at least when young
10. radiolatus
Lvs variously toothed or lobed but not regularly deeply pinnatifid, hairs ± glandular, not cobwebby
13. solandri
21
Lvs, all or most, not > 5 cm. long; lf-base narrow; stem not flexuous
9. lautus
Lvs, all or most, much > 5 cm. long; lf-base broad; stem flexuous
15. banksii
22
Capitula without conspicuous ray-florets
23
Capitula with conspicuous ray-florets
28
23
Laminae 10-14 cm. long; petioles about as long; infl. lax, rhachis zigzag
35. remotifolius
Laminae etc. not as above
24
24
Plant with close-set stout branchlets; lvs not > 7 cm. long including petiole, very thick and coriac.; phyll. very coriac
40. bidwillii
Plant of more open growth; lvs mostly > 8 cm. long including petiole, less thick and coriac.; phyll. hardly or not at all coriac
25
25
Lf-lamina almost as wide as long
36. reinoldii
Lf-lamina distinctly longer than wide
26
26
Branchlets glab. when mature, not grooved
37. cockaynei
Branchlets remaining for long period clad in buff tomentum, grooved
27
27
Panicle-branches stout; phyll. obtuse; tomentum thick; lamina rather rigid
38. elaeagnifolius
Panicle-branches rather slender; phyll. subacute; tomentum thin; lamina flexible
39. bennettii
28
Ray-florets white
29
Ray-florets yellow
31
29
Lvs glab., somewhat fleshy
19. kirkii
Lvs tomentose, at least below, not fleshy
30
30
Capitula 2.5-5 cm. diam.; lvs pinnatifid at base
18. hectori
Capitula not > 1 cm. diam.; lvs not pinnatifid at base
20. myrianthos
31
Plant a liane or creeper
17. sciadophilus
Plant not a liane, not creeping
32
32
Plant with loose papery bark; lvs 4-6·5 mm. long, petioles very short; capitula solitary, sessile; phyll. with broad scarious margins
26. cassinioides
Plant not possessing all the above characters in combination
33
33
Lvs narrow-linear, revolute to midrib
31. bifistulosus
Lvs not as above
34
34
Lf-margins entire
35
Lf-margins crenate
43
35
Young lvs viscid-glandular
36
Young lvs not viscid-glandular
40
36
Plant a tree up to 6 m. tall; lvs 5-18 cm. long; infl. a large panicle
37
Plant a shrub not > 2 m. tall; lvs not >10 cm. long; infl. a small corymb or a solitary capitulum
38
37
Tomentum white; ligules of ray-florets narrow
24. stewartiae
Tomentum fulvous; ligules of ray-florets broad
25. huntii
38
Corymbs lax; peduncles, pedicels and phyll. glab. but viscid
22. adamsii
Corymbs dense; peduncles, pedicels and phyll. tomentose
39
39
Lf-lamina c. 10-15 mm. long, subsessile; midrib obscure
23. spedenii
Lf-lamina 25-65 mm. long, petioled; midrib evident
21. revolutus
40
Capitula solitary
29. matthewsii
Capitula in corymbs or panicles
41
41
Lvs acute; achenes glab.
27. laxifolius
Lvs obtuse; achenes pubescent to silky-hairy
42
42
Phyll. glandular-pubescent; lf-lamina 4-9 cm. long
28. greyi
Phyll. tomentose; lf-lamina not > 4 cm. long
32. compactus
43
Lvs glabrous
30. perdicioides
Lvs tomentose below
44
44
Capitula solitary
34. lapidosus
Capitula in corymbs or racemes
45
45
Crenatures obscure; lf-margins flat; phyll. white cottony-tomentose
32. compactus
Crenatures evident; lf-margins undulate; phyll. glandular-pubescent
33. monroi
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