Flora of New Zealand Series

X. stygiodes (Nyl. ex Cromb.) O.Blanco, A.Crespo, Elix, D.Hawksw. & Lumbsch, Taxon 53 (4): 971 (2004).

≡Parmelia stygiodes Nyl. ex Cromb., J. Bot. 13: 333 (1865).

≡Neofuscelia stygiodes (Nyl. ex Cromb.) Essl., Mycotaxon 7: 52 (1978).

=Parmelia otagensis Zahlbr., Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien math.-naturwiss Kl. 104: 352 (1941).

Parmelia otagensis : Holotype: New Zealand. South I., Otago, Kakanui Mountains, c. 1400 m, J.S. ThomsonT1430 [ZA 3750] – CHR 238697. Isotype – OTA 29609.

Descriptions : Flora (1985: 309–310 – as Neofuscelia stygiodes). See also Elix (1994k: 80–81).

Chemistry : Cortex K−, HNO3+ dark blue-green; medulla K+ yellow to orange-yellow, C−, KC−, Pd+ orange-red, UV−; containing fumarprotocetraric acid (major) and protocetraric acid (minor).

N: Wellington (Tongariro National Park). S: Canterbury (Lake Ohau), Otago (Pisa Ra., Bedford Valley, Mt Earnslaw, Alexandra, Rock & Pillar Ra., Kakanui Mts), Southland (Secretary I.). St: (Mt Anglem). On alpine rocks. Known also from alpine and subalpine areas of SE Australia, Kerguelen and South America (Elix 1994k: 81; Galloway & Quilhot 1999; Adler & Calvelo 2002; Kantvilas et al. 2002; McCarthy 2003c, 2006).

Austral

Illustrations : Esslinger (1977b: 208, pl. 38, fig. 127 – as Parmelia stygiodes); Elix (1994k: 78, fig. 42C – as Neofuscelia stygiodes); Kantvilas et al. (2002: 77 – as N. stygiodes).

Xanthoparmelia stygiodes is characterised by: the saxicolous habit; the subcrustose thallus; the dark-brown to black lower surface; the lack of rhizines and isidia; the presence of loboid holdfasts on the lower surface; and the presence of protocetraric and fumarprotocetraric acid in the medulla. X. stygiodes is closely related to X. petriseda (see above). It differs from X. squamariatella in the chemistry.