Xanthoparmelia glareosa
≡Parmelia glareosa Kurok. & Filson in R.B. Filson, Austral. J. Bot. 30: 536 (1982).
Description : Thallus loosely to moderately adnate on rock and pebbles, rarely on soil, 5–10 cm diam. Lobes imbricate, plane, subirregular, elongate, irregularly constricted and branched, 1–3 mm wide, laciniae numerous centrally, subdichotomously branched, 0.4–1 mm wide, black-rimmed. Upper surface yellow-green to greyish, glossy or matt in parts, emaculate, ±smooth, without isidia or soredia. Lower surface smooth, black, with a broad, brown to brown-black apical zone, rhizinate. Rhizines sparse to moderately dense, simple or dichotomously branched, concolorous with lower surface. Apothecia common, sessile to subpedicellate, 2–6 mm diam., disc concave, cinnamon-brown; thalline exciple thin, strongly involute becoming crenulate-lacerate. Ascospores 10–12 × 5–6 μm. Pycnidia not seen.
Chemistry : Cortex K−; medulla K+ yellow→dark-red, C−, KC−, Pd+ yellow-orange; containing norstictic (major), connorstictic, salazinic, consalazinic, protocetraric acid (tr.), ±atranorin and usnic acids.
N: (South Auckland). S: Marlborough (Kaikoura), Otago (Lindis River near Cluden, Alexandra, Little Valley, Roxburgh, Waikouaiti Reservoir). On sunny rocks. Known also from Australia (McCarthy 2003c, 2006).
Australasian
Illustrations : Filson (1982: 536, fig. 7 – as Parmelia glareosa); Elix (1994s: 244, fig. 97D).
Xanthoparmelia glareosa is characterised by: thalli growing on pebbles and rarely spreading onto soil; the black lower surface with a broad, dark-brown or brown marginal zone; rhizines that are commonly dichotomously branched.
